jienlu Inverter Overcurrent vs. Overload Protection

Core Differences and Mechanisms

I. Core Differences‌

Trigger Conditions‌

Overload Protection‌: Activated when load current ‌exceeds 120% of rated current‌ for a ‌sustained duration‌ (e.g., thermal accumulation over minutes).

Overcurrent Protection‌: Triggered by ‌instantaneous current surges‌ (e.g., short circuits, mechanical jams), where current spikes to ‌10-100x rated value‌ within milliseconds.

Protection Targets‌

Overload Protection‌: Protects ‌load equipment‌ (motor bearings, lubrication systems) and the inverter from ‌long-term overheating‌, preventing insulation degradation and component aging.

Overcurrent Protection‌: Safeguards ‌power devices‌ (e.g., IGBT modules) from physical damage caused by ‌instantaneous high-current impacts‌.

II. Protection Mechanisms‌

Monitoring Methods‌

Overload Protection‌: Uses ‌current-time integration algorithms‌ or thermal models to simulate cumulative load effects, combined with temperature sensors.

Overcurrent Protection‌: Relies on ‌hardware circuits‌ (e.g., bridge arm current sampling) to detect instantaneous peaks and activate rapid shutdown.

Response Speed‌

Overload Protection‌: Delays action (seconds to minutes) to tolerate temporary overloads.

Overcurrent Protection‌: Responds in ‌microseconds‌ via hardware-triggered output cutoff or current-limiting circuits.

III. Functional Objectives‌

Overload Protection‌: Extends equipment lifespan by addressing ‌progressive failures‌ (e.g., bearing wear, lubrication issues).

Overcurrent Protection‌: Prevents catastrophic damage from ‌sudden faults‌ (e.g., motor lockup, phase-to-phase short circuits).

IV. Troubleshooting Strategies‌

Protection Type‌      ‌Common Causes‌    ‌Solutions‌

Overload‌    Excessive load, rapid acceleration, voltage fluctuations Optimize load distribution, extend acceleration time, adjust protection parameters.

Overcurrent‌      Motor short circuits, mechanical jams, parameter errors      Inspect motor insulation, resolve mechanical obstructions, recalibrate current detection settings.

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Through ‌hardware-control algorithm synergy‌ (e.g., bridge arm sampling and shutdown logic), ‌Jienlu inverters‌ implement hierarchical fault responses to balance reliability and safety.